La I-Otitis ingenye yezifo ezithathelwanayo ezithathelwanayo ehlasela kakhulu izingane eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-0 no-7 ubudala. Cishe phakathi kuka-70 no-80% wezingane ziye zaba nesiqephu se-otitis media, kodwa abantu abadala nabo bangahlushwa yikho.
Ibonakala ngokuphatheka kabi okukhulu, ngoba ingxenye yendlebe ephakathi iqalwa ukuvuvukala okubangelwa igciwane noma amagciwane. Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho kanye nesikhathi salesi sifo, ingahlolwa uma i-acute otitis media (ene-serous exudate) noma i-acute, okuyiyona evame kakhulu.
I-otitis media ibonakala kanjani?
I-Otitis media ibangelwa I-Streptococcus pneumoniae. Amanye amagciwane ahilelekile yiHaemophilus influenza kanye neMoraxella catarrhalis. Imayelana ukutheleleka phezulu kwekhanda, ngokuvamile endlebeni, okubangela i-malaise evamile, imfiva nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
I-80% yezingane zethule isiqephu se-acute otitis media ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-3 futhi u-40% wazo uzokhula kuze kube yiziqephu eziyisi-6 lapho eneminyaka engu-7. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa kakhulu uma sikhona izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni futhi ikakhulukazi ebulilini besilisa, kubafana noma emantombazaneni lapho bengadli kahle, lapho benesisindo esiphansi noma bechayeke ekubhemeni noma ekungcolisweni.
I-Otitis media ihlukaniswe yaba:
- Cijile, cishe ubude besikhathi esingamaviki angu-3.
- i-subacute, lapho ubude bayo buhlala phakathi kwamaviki ama-3 nezinyanga ezi-3,
- Crónica, lapho ihlala ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-3.
Izimpawu zamanzi e-otitis media nokuthi ungayibona kanjani
I-acute otitis media inezimpawu ezibonakala kakhulu. Umfana Ungazizwa ucasukile, nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza futhi ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane. Uma kunzima ukubona ezinganeni, kuzozwakala ngokukhala kwazo njalo noma ngenxa yokuthi zisondela ngesandla endlebeni zazo noma zingafuni ukuncelisa.
Enye yezindlela ezingenziwa ukuthola ukuthi uzwa ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala, ukuthinta kancane bese uhlikihla ingxenye ezungeze indlebe. Uma ezwa ubuhlungu uzokhala futhi kuzoba ngezinye zezimpawu. Asikho isidingo ukwethula izinduku blunt noma izinaliti ngaphakathi endlebeni ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Ngaphezu kokudala umonakalo, ingakwazi ukusunduza i-wax emuva emgodini wendlebe futhi ikhulise ukuhlukumezeka.
Kumele kubhekwe lapho izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku, uma ubuhlungu bukhulu futhi awukwazanga ukulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile okuhambisana nomkhuhlane noma izifo zokuphefumula. Ungabona ukuthi ukuphuma koketshezi noma ubomvu endlebeni kuphuma kanjani, lokhu kwenzeka lapho isigubhu sendlebe sesiqhume ngenxa yokutheleleka.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kunezimpawu ezinjalo?
Kufanele uye esikhungweni sezokwelapha ukuze uhlolwe nguchwepheshe noma udokotela wezingane. Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kokutheleleka okushiwo kuzotholakala. Udokotela wezingane kufanele hlola izimpawu nezimpawu zokutheleleka okushiwo, Ukubona i-otalgia, i-otorrhea ebuhlungu noma i-otoscopy, okuyizona ezibangela ukuvuvukala.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu?
Kukhona izifundo eziqinisekisa ukuthi kulolu hlobo lwecala ikhambi elingcono kakhulu ukuthi lixazululwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa ngokuvamile ama-antibiotics ngokuvamile anikezwa. Ngalolu hlobo lomuthi, lusiza kakhulu ukuze izimpawu nokutheleleka kunciphe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- Ama-antibiotic: Ama-antibiotic awanikezwa ngosuku lokuqala lwemfiva, kodwa umkhawulo wamahora angu-48 kuya kwangu-72 ushiywe kusukela kuzimpawu zokuqala. Kanye nezimpawu zokuqala, ama-analgesics anqunyelwe ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki futhi emva kwezinsuku ezi-3 i-antibiotic ilawulwa ukulwa nama-bacteria abangela.
- AmaPainkiller: Ukwelashwa ngomlomo futhi kulawulwa njenge-anti-inflammatory. Kuyasiza ukulwa nezimpawu eziningi, njengobuhlungu nomkhuhlane, kanye nokuvela kwe-intracranial sequelae.
- i-myringotomy: Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa lapho isifo esinjalo sithatha amasonto noma lapho siphindaphindwa izikhathi eziningana. Ukwengeza, ukuqhuma kwe-membrane ye-tympanic kuzobonwa, kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu futhi obuhlala njalo. Uthe ukwelashwa kuzophela uma kubhekwa ukuthi i-typology ayisekho.
Ingabe kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokuvimbela amacala aphindaphindiwe we-acute otitis media?
Kunomuthi wokugoma ekhalendeni lokugoma ngokumelene ne-pneumococci, H. influenzae uhlobo B kanye nomkhuhlane, onciphisa amathuba okuthola i-acute otitis media. Kunconywa ukuthi ungashiyi ingane ilele nebhodlela, noma ungabhemi eduze futhi umboze indawo yendlebe kahle lapho kukhona izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni.
Lapho ubhekene nezimpawu ezinjalo futhi ubona ukungakhululeki okukhulu enganeni noma enganeni, kuyadingeka ukuya esikhungweni sezokwelapha ukuze uhlolwe. Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame ukuhambisana ne-malaise evamile, imfiva ngisho nemikhuhlane.