"Ukuncishwa komama" kwakuyisihloko somsebenzi lowo UJohn Bowby, Udokotela wezifo zengqondo waseBrithani nodokotela wengqondo, wabhala ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili ngesicelo se-UN, ekhuluma ngemiphumela etholwe zonke lezo zingane ebezihlukaniswe nonina. Umbono wokunamathiselwe uzovela kulo msebenzi.
El okunamathiselwe yiyona isibopho esingokomzwelo esisungulwa yingane nomuntu oyinakekelayo isikhathi esiningi, isibalo sakho sokunamathiselwe esiyinhloko. Umbono wokunamathisela ucwaninga ngobudlelwano babantu, futhi ithisisi yalo isuselwa eqinisweni lokuthi ukuphepha noma ukukhathazeka kwengane kunqunywa ukufinyeleleka nokuphendula kwenani lokunamathiselwe okuyinhloko.
Kepha ngubani inani lokunamathiselwe okuyinhloko?
Es umuntu onakekela umntwana. Imvamisa lesi sibalo sinjalo umama wakhe ngoba nguyena omncelisayo, amlalise, amhlise umoya, amculele ... futhi lowo ozinikele ekukhuliseni izingane, unekhefu lokubeletha (bese enweba noma anciphisa usuku lwakhe ngokwamathuba akhe ... ), njll.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwengane nesibopho sayo sokuqala sokunamathisela kunikeza uthando nokunakekelwa, kanye nokuvikeleka nokwethembana. Lesi sixhumanisi kuzoba ngesakho ubudlelwano bokudlulisa ngokwakha ubudlelwano obusha phakathi nempilo yakho. Ngamanye amagama, ubudlelwano ingane ebusungulayo nomnakekeli oyinhloko bulungisa uhlobo lobudlelwano oluzobumisa ngokuzayo nabanye abantu.
Kusuka kulesi sibalo, ekunikeza uthando nokuphepha okungenamibandela, ingane ihlola umhlaba, ihambe, iqoqe okuhlangenwe nakho ... Futhi ibuyele kuye ku uziduduze futhi uziqinise ezimweni eziyingozi, ukungakhululeki, ubuhlungu, Njll
Okunamathiselwe okuphephile
«Ingane eyaziyo isibalo sayo sokunamathiselwe iyatholakala futhi iyazwela ezimfunweni zayo kubanika okuqinile nokungena umuzwa wokulondeka futhi limkhuthaza ukuthi Bazisa futhi uqhubeke nobudlelwano ». Lesi yisilinganiso esaziwa kakhulu esivela ku- John I-Bowlby, mhlawumbe ngoba kukhanyisela kakhulu.
UMary ainsworth, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseMelika esaqhubeka nokwakha umbono wokunamathisela kaB Bowlby, sahlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu zokunamathiselwe: okunamathiselwe okuphephile, el okunamathiselwe okungavikelekile, futhi i okunamathiselwe okuphephile okungaqondakali. UMargaret mahler, udokotela wezingane kanye ne-psychoanalyst, ungeze uhlobo lwesine lokunamathiselwe: the okunamathiselwe okungahlelekile noma okuphazamisekile.
Lapho kunobudlelwano be okunamathiselwe okuphephile Phakathi kwengane nomama, umntwana uzizwa ephephile ukuba naye, uyakhala uma ehlukanisiwe naye, futhi uyajabula lapho ukuhlangana kwenzeka. Lolu hlobo lokunamathiselwe lwenzeka lapho umnakekeli uhlale ezwela, efinyeleleka, futhi etholakala ukunakekela izidingo zengane.
Ubuhlungu bokuhlukana
Ngokwezinto eziphilayo, ngokomzwelo, ingane idinga ukuba nonina wayo. Izingane zidinga ukusungula ubudlelwano obunelungelo nomuntu oyedwa, isibalo sokunamathiselwe okuyisisekelo. Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, imvamisa umama umele lesi sibalo ngoba nguyena ojwayelekile ophethe ukukhuliswa kwabo kusuka ezelwe. Ukusuka ebudlelwaneni nomama, ingane idlulisela ubudlelwane bayo kwezinye izibalo zokunamathisela: ubaba, kuqala, bese kuthi kamuva amanye amalungu omndeni.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwesibalo sokunamathiselwe, uma kukhula isikhathi eside, kuveza usizi oluncane noma oluncane ngokuya ngeminyaka yengane nesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa. Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemithathu ubudala, ukwehlukana nomama amahora ambalwa izimo ziyahlupheka futhi, uma zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku, izinkinga zokuziphatha ezicacile neziqhubekayo.
Ukwehlukaniswa ngenkani nomama kungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni engokomzwelo yengane.. Kuchazwe yiB Bowlby, ukusabela okuvela ngemuva kokuhlukana okungafuneki yilezi: ubuhlungu obungokomzwelo, ukuphazamiseka kobuntu, ukukhathazeka, intukuthelo, ukudangala noma ukuhoxa okungokomzwelo.